Intro
It seems that in April-May of 1927, a Professor named Andrew T. Hoffert (who was working at Chicago University) wrote about the Ahmadiyya Movement and its operations in the USA. Andrew T. Hoffert claims to have visited the Mission house on 4448 Wabash Ave and even entered several homes of the Negro’s that had converted to Qadianism. He claimed that Ahmadiyya was a product of Western culture, Christian missionaries and Islamic reform and many other things.
Hoffert visited the Ahmadiyya headquarters in 1927 and revealed that there were 60-70 active members of the Ahmadiyya Community, the vast majority Negroes. Hoffert claims that Ahmadiyya has spread to Chicago, Detroit, Indianapolis and St. Louis. He claims that in NY there was some membership too, but it dwindled over the years. He visited the Chicago mission on Wabash and observed barely 25-40 active members attending the various meetings (See Andrew T. Hoffert, “The Moslem Movement in America,” The Moslem World, 20 (1930, July): 309).
His essay on Ahmadiyya was published verbatim in the ROR of Dec-1927. It was initially published in the “The Messenger”, dated 9 (May 1927): 141, 160; John Van Ess, “A Moslem Mosque in Chicago,” Neglected Arabia 141 (1927): 13-15. The title of the article was “Moslem Propaganda”.
He also wrote about the Ahmadiyya in 1930, via the Muslim World Magazine (See scans in the below). This was reproduced in ROR of Aug-Sep-1930.
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1927
ROR of May-1927
Scans
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1930
July
Andrew T. Hoffert, “The Moslem Movement in America,” The Moslem World, 20 (1930): 309
Scans
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Additional articles about the Ahmadiyya Movement in America in the 1920’s
–Samuel M. Zwemer, “A Mohammedan Mosque at Detroit, Mich.,” Missionary Review of the World 44 (Oct 1921): 787-791;
–“Islam in Chicago,” Moslem World 13 (1923): 403-404;
–Mary Caroline Holmes, “Islam in America,” Moslem World 16 (1926): 262-266;
–Katibah; “Islam in New York City,” Moslem World 17 (1927): 199.
–“The Moslem Movement in America,” Moslem World 20 (1930): 309-310;
–“Islam in America,” Lutheran Witness 51 (1932): 104;
–“Mohammedan Activities,” Missionary Review of the World 55 (1932): 246;
–“Islam in Pittsburgh,” Moslem World 23 (1933): 90;
–“Islam in America,” Moslem World 24 (1934): 189-190
–Bousquet, G.H. “Moslem Religious Influences ;in the United States.” Moslem World 25,
no. 1 (1935): 40-44.
–“Islamic Ceremony in Chicago Hospital,” Moslem World 28 (1938): 98-99.
–Pierre Crabites, “American Negro Mohammedans,” Moslem World 23, no. 3 (1933): 272-284.
–G.H. Bousquet, “Moslem Religious Influences in the United States,” Moslem World 25, no. 1 (1935): 40-44.
–“A Moorish Temple Catechism,” Moslem World 32 (1942): 55-69;
–Frank T. Simpson, “The Moorish Science Temple and its ‘Koran’,” Moslem World 37 (1947): 56-61.
–“Qadiani Islam in America,” Moslem World 38 (1948): 303
–Noshir P. Kaikobad, “The Colored Muslims of Pittsburgh” (M.A. thesis, University of Pittsburgh, 1948).
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“Islam in Pittsburgh,” Moslem World 23 (1933): 90;
In the Moslem World magazine of Jan-1933 (page 90) you will find the famous short paragraph on “Islam in Pittsburgh”. This paragraph is written by “The United Presbyterian” (newspaper). One of the book sellers/peddlers who work with this newspaper has recently observed a Muslim missionary looking for converts among the negroes of Pittsburgh and pointing at Christianity and calling out their use of slavery. Also pointing out that in Islam, all are brothers. They also mention how these “Muslims in Pittsburgh” believe that Jesus died in India.
Scan
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1921
Samuel M. Zwemer, “A Mohammedan Mosque at Detroit, Mich.,” Missionary Review of the World 44 (Oct 1921): 787-791;
_____________________________________________________________________________________________Holmes, M.C. (1926), ISLAM IN AMERICA. The Muslim World, 16: 262-266. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-1913.1926.tb00626.x
Scans
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“Islam in Chicago,” Moslem World 13 (1923): 403-404;
In the Moslem World of July-1923 (pages 403-4o4), there is a brief excerpt from the Review of Religions about “Islam in Chicago”. In this quotation, Mufti Muhammad Sadiq and his work in Chicago is mentioned, the Qadiani’s have bought a house and are using it as a temple/office/residence. The Moslem Sunrise Newspaper is also headquartered therein. The alleged new converts are mentioned, and how they are white and negro, some Christian clergy have also allegedly converted. Mufti Muhammad Sadiq is working full time at meeting people and giving speeches and etc. Brother Muhammad Din (B.A.) has also recently arrived is set to replace Mufti Sadiq.
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Moslem World 25, no. 1 (1935): 40-44, “Moslem Religious Influences in the United States,” by G.H. Bousquet
In Jan-1935, From the University of Algiers, a man named G.H. Bousquet wrote a piece in the Moslem World Magazine of Jan-1935, pages 40-44, “Moslem Religious Influences in the United States”. In this essay he mentioned Bahaism in America and its successes as well as the famous Moorish Temple by Noble Drew Ali. G.H. Bousquet also mentioned how Ahmadiyya missionaries were operating in the 1930’s. G.H. Bousquet alleges that in 1933, there were 6 Ahmadiyya centers, (Chicago, Pittsburgh, Cincinatti, Indianapolis, Detroit, Kansas City). G.H. Bousquet mentions the Moslem Sunrise magazine and how it was stopped in 1924 and re-started, and how Sufi Muti-ur-Rahman Bengali is operating out of State Street in Chicago too. G.H. Bousquet surmizes that that there are barely a few thousand Ahmadi’s in the USA, of which the vast majority on Negroes. G.H. Bousquet perfectly explains how Ahmadi’s believe that Mirza Ghulam Ahmad is the last prophet. G.H. Bousquet calls Ahmadiyya as disingenuous and a heretical cult which denies that Muhammad (saw) is the final prophet.
Scans
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1938
The Moslem World of Jan-1938 reports (pages 98-99) that Sufi Muti-ur-Rahman Bengali and his wife (Attiya) had a baby that was delivered at the German Deaconness Hospital (in Chicago) on April-21.
Scan
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1948
–Noshir P. Kaikobad, “The Colored Muslims of Pittsburgh” (M.A. thesis, University of Pittsburgh, 1948).
Click to access kaikobad-Colored-Muslims-of-Pittsburgh-1948.pdf
kaikobad Colored Muslims of Pittsburgh 1948
In this study, it is alleged that there are 3 separate sects Islam, which chapters in other cities too. The writer seems to have conducted 4-17 interviews of Negro members of the Islamic Mosques in Pittsburgh. The first interview was conducted at the “First Islam Mosque” in Cleveland, Ohio.
In Chapter 3, the Moorish Science Temple in Pittsburgh is introduced.
The Ahmadiyya Movement was introduced as a cult. Dr. Khan and Mufti Muhammad Sadiq are discussed. Most Ahmadi’s in and around Pittsburg live in the Hill District, Duquense and Braddock. The Ahmadiyya cult owns the temple on Webster Ave, Hill District, Pittsburgh. The Ahmadi Maulvi lives on the 2nd floor of the building. Ahmadi’s pray on the bottom floor. MGA is described as the LAST illuminator and Ahmadi’s are the only true believers, the rest of the Moslems are Kafirs. The MST and Ahmadiyya have many similarities.
The 3rd Islamic organization in Pittsburgh is owned by a Palestinian-Arab, Mr. Jalajal. Mr. Jalajal refuted both the Qadiani’s and the MST. Mr. Jalajal opened this mosque in 1941 and was able to get many Ahmadi’s to convert. Mr. Jalajal is a grocery store owner and doesn’t charge any membership fees for his mosque. They own their building on Wiley Avenue.
Wali Akram is mentioned as the head Moslem for the Cleveland Mosque.
Kaikobad alleges that all 3 of these groups were against blacks being called “Negro”.
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2011 Abdul Hamid Suleiman and the Origins of the Moorish Science Temple. Journal of Race. Ethnicity, and Religion 2(13).
Emily Suzanne Clark
2013 Noble Drew Ali’s “Clean and Pure Nation”: The Moorish Science Temple, Identity, and Healing. Nova Religio 16(3): 31-51. (subscription access)
Judith Weisenfeld
2016 New World A-Coming: Black Religion and Racial Identity During the Great Migration. New York University Press, New York.
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Links and Related Essay’s
When was the first Ahmadiyya temple built in the USA? – ahmadiyyafactcheckblog
This history of #Ahmadiyya in the #USA – ahmadiyyafactcheckblog
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Tags
#ahmadiyya #ahmadiyyafactcheckblog #messiahhascome #ahmadiyyat #trueislam #ahmadianswers #ahmadiyyamuslimcommunity #ahmadiyya_creatives #ahmadiyyatthetrueislam #ahmadiyyatzindabad #ahmadiyyatrueislam #ahmadiyyamuslim #mirzaghulamahmad #qadiani #qadianism
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