Intro
Muhammad Yusuf Khan converted Walter Smith Bey to Ahmadiyya and changed his name to Nasir Ahmad in 1930 (roughly) in Pittsburgh (See Dannin, See also, Hakim, History, 2-3, 6; “Mohammedan Activities,” Missionary Review of the World 55 (1932): 246; “Islam in Pittsburgh,” Moslem World 23, no. 1 (1933): 90, via Bowen). Muhammad Yusuf Khan (honorary Qadiani-Ahmadi missionary) gave Nasir Ahmad the title of Sheikh (as he did many others in the early 1930’s, the exact year is unknown, must be just before 1933, see ROR). He was formerly Walter Smith Bey and was originally a Christian preacher who had joined the Moorish Science Temple (MST).
By 1930, Muhammad Yusuf Khan was fully entrenched with the ex-members of the Moorish Science Temple (MST) in Pittsburgh, Cincinatti and other locations in Ohio (See the Moslem Sunrise [July-1930, see page 13][this newspaper was inactive for 6 years]). The same edition of the Moslem Sunrise reports that Muhammad Yusuf Khan is doing solid work in Pittsburgh and Cincinatti. Saeed Akmal (aka Walter Bellinger) was also there in Pittsburgh in the early 1930’s. According to Smith Bey (Nasir Ahmad), in an interview conducted by the FBI a dozen years after the fact, his first introduction to the Ahmadis was in Cleveland in 1930 (see AAUAA FBI file, Philadelphia, No. 100-19940)(See Bowen). Check out our full history of Ahmadiyya in the USA herein.
By 1932, Wali Akram had 150 families following him in Cleveland. Wali Akram somehow asks Sheikh Nasir Ahmad to come to Cleveland (from Pittsburgh) and help him with imam work. Thus, by 1932, Sheikh Nasir Ahmad was the official imam of the Ahmadi’s of Cleveland. Dannin makes a mistake here, he alleges that Muhammad Yusuf Khan heard about Wali Akram’s success and came from Chicago, that would incorrect, since Muhammad Yusuf Khan was working out of Pittsburgh since at least March-1930 (See the Moslem Sunrise of 1975).
The ROR of Sep-1933, has a report from Dr. Muhammad Yusuf from America about the spread of Ahmadiyya in Cleveland, Ohio, they allege to have 300 Ahmadi’s in Cleveland. Dr. Muhammad Yusuf also mentions how Sheikh Nasir Ahmad and Sheikh Muhammad Omar (Omar Ahmad of Braddock?) are working with him, both were Christian priests. Dr. Muhammad Yusuf also alleges that some Turks and Arab Muslims might have converted to Ahmadiyya and caused a stir.
In January of 1934, Yusuf Khan was published in a local newspaper and seems to have arrived to work in Cleveland and is working with Wali Akram and Sheikh Nasir Ahmad and a whole bunch of African American’s who were former members of the Moorish Science Temple (Aka Walter Smith Bey)(See “My Message to the Moslems,” Cleveland Call and Post, January 6, 1934, 4;, via Bowen). He signed off his letter as M. Yusuf Khan. There is another article about “Youngstown Moslems” by Amtul Majeed, in this specific article, there seems to be a woman named Madame Begum who is giving speeches. The location in Youngstown Moslem is at 960 South Rigby St, Youngstown, Ohio. Bro Ali Mubarik and his sister Azeema Mubarik are also mentioned. Dr. M. Yusuf Khan is their leader. The 3rd article in this is about “Activities of The Braddock Mosque” by Abdullah Easa. Sheikh M. Omar, Ahmad Omar and Sheikh Akmal are also mentioned and gave speeches. They were taking new converts on Dec-25-1933 in 135 Linden Ave, Duquesne in Pittsburgh, PA. The first woman to join up was Mrs. Coleman, then Daniel Moore then Bro Coleman. At the end, Sheikh Akmal appointed Bro M. Rafeek as President and Bro Mataza as Vice President. The 4th article is about the Dayton Mosque, Sheikh Nazeer Elahi (his name is spelled as Shaikh Nazier Eliehee) is named as the Imam of the mosque. Dr. Y.M. Khan is their supreme leader. The 5th article is about Ahmadiyya in Cincinatti, Dr. M.Y. Khan is their leader by Y. Waheed.
In Jan-1934, via the Cleveland Call and Post (of Sat, Jan 20, 1934 ·Page 4) report that the people of the Cleveland “Head Mosque” were surprised by a lecture from Wali Mohammed aka the medicine man, Maulvi Muhammad Yusuf Khan also spoke. A photo of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad was given in the newspaper, Tuesday night, 7pm. The same newspaper mentions the news of the “Mother Mosque” as well, and how a man named Shaikh Wali Dod gave a speech and was referred to as God. This appeared on the “Religion” page of the newspaper and was a daily or bi-daily publication and MGA’s face appeared many times. News from the Dayton Mosque via Sheikh Nazeer Elahi is also given, this is the Ahmadiyya mission, Dr. M.Y. Khan is listed as the missionary. However, simultaneously, Dr. M.Y. Khan is teaching the other 2 groups of Muslims, one by Brother Abdullah Farook. The other by Omar Mohammed who had recently returned, they both seem to be connected to Dr. M.Y. Khan and Brother Abdullah Farook. Sheikh Nazeer Elahi gave a speech on “The Life of Mohammed”. The Mosque has recently moved to 216 Euclid Ave. Interestingly, the Cleveland Mosque, which is ran by Sheikh Nasir Ahmed is mentioned and money was being collected for the travel expenses ($2) of the Ahmadiyya missionary, Dr. M.Y. Khan, who will allegedly represent them to the East. The Colombus Mosque by Rasheed Hosas is also mentioned, the rope of Allah is discussed.
On Apr-1-1934, Muhammad Yusuf Khan returned from an import/export run to British India and immediately confronted Sheikh Nasir Ahmad (in Cleveland or Pittsburgh?) and accused him of having alleged ties to the Moorish Science Temple, which he characterized as “worthless” and “un-Islamic.” Rather than seeing the Moors and the Garveyites as links to a larger American audience, Dr. Khan challenged their influence. He vehemently opposed Freemasonry and insisted that membership in the Ahmadiyya Movement excluded other sectarian affiliations.
(See Bismilla,” Cleveland Call and Post, April 21, 1934, 2; Dannin, Pilgrimmage, 38, via Bowen). Thus, in April of 1934, Sheikh Nasir Ahmad seems to have been ex-communicated by Muhammad Yusuf Khan in Cleveland, he then moved to Philadelphia and started working with Muslims therein. Just six weeks (by June of 1934) after Sheikh Nasir Ahmad’s departure, the Ohio River Valley Muslims got word of Ahmad’s success in Philadelphia (See Abdul Mohammad, “Philadelphia Mission,” Cleveland Call and Post, June 2, 1934, 2., via Bowen).
In Apr-1934, via the Cleveland Call and Post of Sat, Apr 07, 1934 ·Page 2, there is a photo of M. Yusuf Khan. This is about the Cleveland Mosque. The Ahmadiyya regional headquarter has been changed from Pittsburgh to 5311 Woodland Ave in Cleveland. The headquarters was in Pittsburgh for 4 years. Yusuf Khan alleges to have faced the bitterest opposition vs. Ahmadiyya. Yusuf Khan alleges that he has already created 11 men and 1 woman to go out and to tabligh. On March-29, the Moslems of Pittsburgh gave Yusuf Khan a farewell party (he was going to India on a trade run) wherein 300 people showed up. Shaikh Nasir Ahmad was there as well as well as Shaikh Abdul Wahab, Shaikh Abid Haque, Shaikh Saeed Akmal and Shaikh Abdul Farook. Shaikh Abdul Farook was made in-charge, with full authority in Pittsburgh. Yusuf Khan says that anyone who doesn’t pay their chanda for 3 months will be removed from the membership. There is another report in this newspaper from the “Mother Mosque”, during the week of March-25-1934, wherein it is stated that Rahmat Mahmood Sheikh Farook and Dr. Khan held a meeting. Eid was also held. Shaikh Nasir Ahmad from the Cleveland Mosque were also there. Shaikh Saeed Akmal from Braddock, Pittsburgh was also there. Shaikh Nasir Ahmad will be around and in-charge in Cleveland, signed off by Shaikh Saadi Malik.
In Apr-1934, via the Cleveland Call and Post of Sat, Apr 14, 1934 ·Page 2, there is a report on the Braddock Mosque by Abdullah Eesa. Remarks were given by Ahmad Omar and Sheikh Akmal (Saeed Akmal?). On Wednesday evening, lectures were given by Bro. Ahmad Omar and Sheikh Abdullah Farook. Shaikh Nasir Ahmad had the keynote speech. On Friday evening, Shaikh Abu Saleh held a meeting in a new mosque, which is in East liberty, on Frankstown Avenue, Sh. Ahmad spoke too. Sheikh Ahmad gave a final address before moving to Philadelphia on Sunday evening at the East Liberty Mosque.
In the Cleveland Call and Post of Sat, Jun 02, 1934 ·Page 2, there is a report about the Ahmadiyya mission in Philadelphia, which seems to be lead by Shaikh Nasir Ahmad. On Sunday, Shaikh Nasir Ahmad gave a lecture. Shaikh Nasir Ahmad recently married on Apr-27 and hasn’t seen his wife in 6 weeks. His wife seems to be in Cleveland and will leave therein on June 2, her name is Alia Ahmad. She is currently living with her sister at 2233 E. 69th St, Cleveland, Ohio. Abdul Mohammad is the reporter.
By July of 1934, the Muslims in Pittsburgh had totally ousted Muhammad Yusuf Khan (See Bowen). On July 14, an important announcement was made in the religion section of the Cleveland Call and Post, the local black newspaper:
“””The leaders of Vearianue [sic], or what is better known as Imams, gathered [in Pittsburgh] and formed a council, according to the Islamic teaching. We discharged the missionary, M.Y. Khan because of his failure to carry the work on in the right way. We, the members have been successful in making connection with the Moslem League, that we may be known throughout all the Moslem World. Our lecturer will cost just about half what it has been costing. The new
missionary will be located at … Pittsburgh. His name is Abdul Mohammed Iben Akbar. For any information, please write 18 South Sickel St., Philadelphia, Pa. Shaikh Nasir Ahmad has returned back to his mission in Philadelphia. We are making wonderful progress here in Philadelphia. Unity is our aim. May Allah guide us wherever we go.”” (Cleveland Call and Post, the local black newspaper of July-14-1934)(See Bowen).
The Vearianue, which was also known as both the Islamic Council and the Supreme Council, was led by Nasir Ahmad and was initially composed of twelve leading men from the Ohio-Pennsylvania community (because Philadelphia was now included, the region cannot be limited to the Ohio River Valley), and it soon acquired representatives from the Pittsburgh, Braddock, Youngstown, and Columbus Ahmadi missions (See Saadi Mliak, “Proceedings at the Pittsburgh Mosque,” Cleveland Call and Post, July 31, 1934, 2; Abdulla Eesa, “Bis-mil-lah,” Cleveland Call and Post, July 31, 1934, 2., via Bowen).
In August 1934, Sufi Muti-ur-Rahman Bengali who had spent most of the last few years promoting Islam to whites in cities outside of the Ohio River Valley, attempted to win back the disgruntled members in Pittsburgh (Braddock Mosque). He publicly denounced Muhammad Yusuf Khan and pleaded with the mosques that had broken off to return under his leadership. (See “Moslem Activities in Braddock,” Cleveland Call and Post, August 4, 1934, 2, via Bowen).
Muhammad Yusuf Khan left for India again in roughly Oct-1934 (See Dannin, letter from Khan to Akram).
Sufi Muti-ur-Rahman Bengali returned to Qadian on 12 December 1935, and was sent back to America on 21 October 1936 (he stayed for roughly 11 months), he arrived in Chicago on Dec-10, 1936 (See the Moslem Sunrise of Aug-1937). While Sufi Muti-ur-Rahman Bengali and Muhammad Yusuf Khan were gone, Wali Akram totally quit Ahmadiyya and separated his entire flock from Ahmadiyya.
By 1937, all Ahmadiyya missions had shut down, only the Ahmadiyya temple/house on Wabash Ave in Chicago remained. In the 1940’s there was barely any growth. By 1950, Ahmadiyya in the USA had totally failed, barely 200 members remained, 5 mission houses, NO MOSQUES. They promptly moved the headquarters of the community to Washington D.C. Saeed Akmal (a fellow ex-ahmadi) wrote Akram a letter wherein he described himself as a Lahori-Ahmadi (See Dannin). Saeed Akmal is mentioned in Jameela Hakim’s, “History of The First Muslim Mosque in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania” (1979) as someone who took over the Pittsburgh mission of confused Muslims. Check out our full history of Ahmadiyya in the USA herein. Also called the Braddock Mosque. There is another Ex-Ahmadi named Sheikh Omar of Braddock, he seems to have also quit Ahmadiyya and worked with Saeed Akmal at the Braddock Mosque.
By 1938, Sheikh Nasir Ahmad was working with Muhammad Ezaldeen’s aauaa. Knowing that the aauaa was expanding from Newark and Philadelphia to Rochester, Syracuse, and Jacksonville, Akram solicited its participation in a unified national organization. Nasir Ahmad became a central character in efforts to unite the diverse Muslim American coalitions and communities. He worked with Ezzeldeen, the prominent Moorish Science Temple leader-turned-Sunni leader, in creating the Black Sunni group Addeynu Allahe Universal Arabic Association in New Jersey.
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